Employee Benefits: More on Retirement Plans
Determine which plan is right for your business
Every type of plan has its own advantages and disadvantages. You can find the right type of plan for your business by:
Seeing how they stack up against one another in certain key areas, and
Becoming aware of the benefits and potential drawbacks of each type of plan
To make it easier for you, here is some essential information to help you decide. We have identified seven key areas that can be used to determine how each type of plan stacks up against each other. In addition, we have listed some types of plans that are generally considered appropriate for small businesses.
Tip: It is always best to have a tax adviser and other professionals help you evaluate your options and select an appropriate retirement plan.
Seven key areas to compare
You can determine the best plan for your company by first seeing how the various types of plans compare in these seven key areas:
Maximizing yearly contributions/building retirement benefits for you as the owner
Maximizing/weighting contributions for you and other highly compensated employees rather than for lower-compensated employees
Flexibility in making contributions each year
Building retirement benefits for employees
Using the plan as a recruiting tool to attract employees
Using the plan to discourage employees from seeking employment elsewhere
Utilizing income tax deferral on plan contributions and investment earnings
To determine the right retirement plan for your business, keep your goals in mind as you evaluate plans.
Some commonly used retirement plans:
Simplified employee pension (SEP) plan: A simplified employee pension (SEP) plan is a tax-deferred retirement savings plan that allows contributions to be made to special IRAs, called SEP-IRAs, according to a specific formula. Generally, any employer with one or more employees can establish a SEP plan. With this type of plan, you can make tax-deductible employer contributions to SEP-IRAs for yourself and your employees (if any). Except for the ability to accept SEP contributions from employers (allowing more money to be contributed) and certain related rules, SEP-IRAs are virtually identical to traditional IRAs.
SIMPLE IRA plan: A SIMPLE IRA plan is a retirement plan for small businesses (generally those with 100 or fewer employees) and self-employed individuals that is established in the form of employee-owned IRAs. The SIMPLE IRA plan is funded with voluntary pre-tax employee contributions and mandatory employer contributions. The annual allowable contribution amount is significantly higher than the annual contribution limit for regular IRAs but less than the limit for 401(k) plans.
SIMPLE 401(k) plan: A SIMPLE 401(k) plan is a retirement plan for small businesses (generally those with 100 or fewer employees) and self-employed persons, including sole proprietorships and partnerships. Structured as a 401(k) cash or deferred arrangement, this plan was devised in an effort to offer self-employed persons and small businesses a tax-deferred retirement plan similar to the traditional 401(k), but with less complexity and expense. The SIMPLE 401(k) plan is funded with voluntary employee pre-tax contributions (and/or after-tax Roth contributions) and mandatory employer contributions. The annual contribution limits are less than the limits applicable to regular 401(k) plans.
401(k) plan: A 401(k) plan, sometimes called a cash or deferred arrangement (CODA), is a qualified defined contribution plan in which employees may elect to defer receipt of income. The amount deferred consists of pretax dollars (and/or after-tax Roth contributions) that are invested in the employee's plan account. Often, the employer matches all or part of the employees' deferrals to encourage employee participation. The 401(k) plan is the most widely used type of retirement plan.
Payroll deduction IRA plan: A payroll deduction IRA plan is a type of arrangement that you can establish to allow your employees to make payroll deduction contributions to IRAs (traditional or Roth). It can be offered to your employees instead of a more conventional retirement plan (such as a 401(k) plan), or to supplement such a plan. Each of your participating employees establishes and maintains a separate IRA, and elects to have a certain amount deducted from his or her pay on an after-tax basis. The amount is then invested in the participant's designated IRA. Payroll deduction IRAs are generally subject to the same rules that normally to IRAs.
For more employee benefits and business planning tips, contact MNM Vested, LLC.
IMPORTANT DISCLOSURE The information presented here is not specific to any individual's personal circumstances. To the extent that this material concerns tax matters, it is not intended or written to be used, and cannot be used, by a taxpayer for the purpose of avoiding penalties that may be imposed by law. Each taxpayer should seek independent advice from a tax professional based on his or her individual circumstances. These materials are provided for general information and educational purposes based upon publicly available information from sources believed to be reliable—we cannot assure the accuracy or completeness of these materials. The information in these materials may change at any time and without notice.